ISSN 2318-8472 Primary Area - Qualis Capes 2017-2020 Architecture, Urbanism, and Design We are pleased to inform you that the National Journal of City Management has achieved a Qualis A3 classification, as per the results released on 12/29/2022. The National Journal of City Management aims to disseminate scientific works originating from empirical, experimental, or conceptual research, resulting from master's, doctoral, or equivalent studies. Important: Starting in 2020, articles will be published in both English and Portuguese. Submissions of articles authored or co-authored by undergraduate or postgraduate students will not be accepted. All authors must be affiliated with stricto sensu graduate programs or hold at least a master's degree.
ANAP - Associação Amigos de Natureza de Alta Paulista
Methodology for Analyzing Road Safety in the Vicinity of Trip-Generating Centers
Objective – To develop an instrument for Road Safety (RS) analysis in the vicinity of Trip Generators (TGs), aiming to assess the impacts of these developments on the safety of the urban road system. Methodology – Based on a literature review, it was possible to select similar existing instruments, compile information, analyze relevant aspects, and develop the methodology for RS inspection. Initially, the six selected references resulted in 467 observational analysis parameters, which served as the technical basis for creating the 10 analysis items that comprise the checklist with 24 aspects to be verified. The developed checklist is accompanied by its Practical Guide for Application and Indicator Calculation, favoring the application and quality of the obtained results. Originality/Relevance – The study fills an important gap in the area of urban road safety, given the lack of specific instruments applicable to the Brazilian urban context, especially in the areas of influence of TGs. Brazilian cities face growing problems related to ineffective urban mobility and low levels of road safety, externalities associated with population growth and urban development, a context in which TGs can significantly aggravate the risks of traffic crashes. Results – A structured checklist was developed with 10 analysis items and 24 aspects to be verified, accompanied by a Practical Guide for Application and Indicator Calculation. The instrument not only verifies the compliance of each item but also numerically estimates the level of adherence to the criteria through a system of indicators, weights, and a general road safety assessment index. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The developed instrument represents a methodological advancement by offering a systematic, practical, and quantitative approach to road safety analysis in urban areas influenced by TGs. The tool distinguishes itself by combining simplicity in data collection with rigor in evaluation, enabling not only qualitative diagnoses but also the objective measurement of road safety levels through weighted indicators. Social and Environmental Contributions – It is expected that the use of the instrument will contribute to the reduction of traffic crashes and their social consequences, including fatalities, injuries, and economic impacts on public health. The tool can support more assertive strategies and decision-making by public managers, technicians, and developers in promoting road safety, favoring sustainable urban planning and the construction of safer cities for all road system users.
Copyright (c) 2026 National Journal of City Management https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Construction and Demolition Waste and the Contradictions of Sustainability
Objective – This article aims to develop a critical reflection on construction and demolition waste, analyzing it as an expression of the contradictions between the discourse of sustainability and the productive practices that structure the production of urban space. Methodology – This is a theoretical-conceptual study, based on a critical review of specialized literature and normative documents on sustainability, construction, solid waste, and environmental education, without the use of primary empirical data. Originality/Relevance – The originality of the study lies in addressing construction and demolition waste as a central category for understanding the limits of urban sustainability, going beyond approaches restricted to technical management or regulatory compliance. Results – The results indicate that the persistence of waste generation stems from structural choices made throughout the construction industry’s production chain, highlighting the gap between legal advances and effective transformations in construction practices. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The study contributes by articulating sustainability, normativity, life cycle, and environmental education, reaffirming the potential of theoretical-conceptual essays for the critical analysis of complex urban processes. Social and Environmental Contributions – From a social and environmental perspective, the article shows that construction and demolition waste intensifies territorial inequalities and environmental impacts, pointing to environmental education as a structuring element for changing productive and cultural practices.
Objective – To design and implement a rainwater harvesting and irrigation automation system for food plant beds located in a community garden under an impermeable roof, reducing dependence on manual irrigation by volunteers and promoting sustainable water management. Methodology – This applied research, with an exploratory and experimental approach, included bibliographic and technical surveys on rainwater harvesting systems, irrigation automation, and sustainable urban agriculture. The project was developed through field measurements, hydraulic efficiency tests, and component adjustments, resulting in the installation of an automated irrigation system at Horta das Flores, located in the eastern region of São Paulo, Brazil. Relevance – The proposal integrates engineering, automation, and urban sustainability by applying accessible technology for rainwater reuse in a community and educational context. The studied garden functions as a pedagogical space, hosting events and educational activities on sustainability and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), thus reinforcing the connection with the 2030 Agenda. It stands out for its replicability in small-scale urban gardens and its direct contribution to SDGs 2, 3, 4, 6, 11, 12, and 13. Results – The system proved technically and operationally feasible, ensuring regular water supply and reducing manual effort. Field evaluation enabled hydraulic improvements and automation adjustments, confirming the potential for optimizing water use and increasing efficiency in urban water management. Methodological contributions – The study broadens the debate on the application of sustainable technologies and automated systems in urban agriculture, providing technical and academic foundations for replication in other urban contexts. Social and environmental contributions – The project strengthened the integration between university and community, encouraging environmental education, social participation, and shared water governance. By promoting rational water use and local food production, it reinforces the importance of integrated solutions for sustainable cities.
Environment, health and the challenges of urban drainage in the municipality of Presidente Epitácio, Western São Paulo, Brazil
Objective - Identify possible relationships between the environment, health, and problems arising from inadequate urban drainage in the municipality of Presidente Epitácio, state of São Paulo, contributing to reflection on the theme. Methodology - To conduct the research, bibliographic surveys, thematic maps, and analysis of secondary data on hospital morbidity and mortality from 1998 to 2019 were used, in addition to information on dengue and leishmaniasis, by place of residence, from 2007 to 2019, complemented by fieldwork. Originality/relevance – Floods are among the most serious disasters in Brazil, due to the high number of victims, people affected, and socioeconomic losses, aggravated by the expansion of impervious areas. Inadequate urban stormwater management intensifies these impacts and increases health risks, especially with regard to waterborne diseases. In this context, by integrating environmental analysis and health indicators at the local level, the research fills a gap still present in the literature, marked by a scarcity of studies that articulate these dimensions. Results – The results of hospital morbidity revealed that the most prevalent diseases are those of the respiratory system, which rank second in number of deaths. This pattern indicates the influence of environmental and urban conditions on the health of the population. In addition, data on dengue fever have been quite significant in recent years, especially in urban areas, with a worrying increase in cases of American tegumentary leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis, reinforcing the relationship between inadequate urban drainage, water accumulation, and vector proliferation, indicating the need for improvements in the monitoring of health indicators, especially for water-related diseases. Theoretical/methodological contributions – The research contributes to strengthening the integrated approach between urban drainage, environment, and health and, methodologically, to articulating spatial analysis, epidemiological data, and fieldwork, encouraging the adoption of more sustainable and resilient urban drainage systems in the face of technical limitations and the high costs of traditional models. Social and environmental contributions – Drainage systems must be integrated into environmental planning, considering the dynamics of watersheds for more effective solutions, combined with nature-based alternatives and environmental education, which implies changes in habits and attitudes towards the environment.
Objective – To develop a model for the application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) associated with Facilities Management (FM) in a hospital Semi-Intensive Unit, based on the diagnosis of the existing management processes in the operational Semi-Intensive Unit of the Military Area Hospital in Recife. Methodology – The analysis was conducted through data collection from the hospital, on site visits to the study location, qualitative data analysis, diagnosis of existing management processes, modeling of the study environment, and simulations using specific software. Originality/Relevance – Application of BIM associated with Facility Management (FM) in the use, operation, and maintenance phase within the hospital context is highly relevant. The aim is to achieve more efficient management, considering that healthcare facilities involve complex systems of installations, equipment, and spaces that require continuos monitoring. Results – It was observed that the integration between BIM and FM in hospital environments represents a concrete opportunity to advance the management of physical and operational assets in healthcare units. This integration enables more accurate visualization of building systems, data centralization, improved component traceability, and contributes to more assertive decision-making by maintenance managers. However, the process of consolidating and structuring information to populate the BIM model with data relevant to FM has proven to be one of the major challenges. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The research demonstrates the importance of a collaborative workflow using BIM model associated with FM in hospital environments, an approach that remains underexplored in the literature. Furthermore, this integration proves to be a highly useful tool with potential for further development in asset management and the centralization of operational data. Social and Environmental Contributions – The study contributes socially by improving patient quality of care and safety, optimizing resources, and creating a more functional and reliable hospital environment for healthcare professionals. Environmental contributions include reduced consumption of resources (such as energy and water), decreased use of paper for issuing work orders, and prints manuals, blueprints, and checklists, as well as improved inventory and materials management. This enhanced management helps prevent excess stock of spare parts and supplies due to the accuracy of the asset data within the model.
Collective Memories in Dispute and Insurgent Identities
Objective – The article aimed to analyze the role of the Kaingang people in the field of institutionalized memory and heritage production from a decolonial perspective. Methodology – The research was conducted through a qualitative-critical approach, grounded in collaborative ethnography, participatory research, and situated listening practices. The case study guided the empirical investigation, articulating observation, documentary analysis, and participation in cultural and educational activities, with an emphasis on co-authorship of knowledge and the situated production of memory. Originality/Relevance – The originality of the study lies in the analysis of Indigenous memory practices based on the agency of the subjects themselves, shifting the focus from institutional representation to self-representation and the co-production of memory. Results – The results indicated that Kaingang participation in the Índia Vanuíre Museum produced significant shifts in museological and educational practices, breaking with traditional exhibition logics and the objectification of Indigenous culture. Practices of shared curation, insurgent museology, and the production of living memory were identified, grounded in orality, performativity, territoriality, and Kaingang cosmological frameworks. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The study contributed theoretically by articulating memory as a political dispute, epistemological plurality, and counter-hegemonic heritage practices. Social and Environmental Contributions – At the social level, the research highlighted the strengthening of narrative self-determination and Indigenous protagonism in the construction of public memory. At the environmental level, it emphasized the centrality of territory and forest as foundations of Kaingang memory and knowledge, reaffirming the inseparability between cultural heritage, territory, and socio-environmental justice.
Analysis of Ergonomic Factors in Carpentry Activities
Objective - to assess the impacts of ergonomic factors on health and productivity in the activities of carpenters in the construction industry. Methodology - The study adopted a quantitative-qualitative approach, with an exploratory bias in order to compare productive movement patterns with movement patterns associated with fatigue, using innovative methods such as Kinobot software for movement monitoring and the Bipolar Pain Questionnaire for fatigue assessment, in addition to a form for surveying the profile of workers with a sample of 15 participants, relating ergonomic factors to productivity in daily activities. Originality/relevance – The theoretical gap is the correlation of ergonomic factors with the analysis of movement patterns using Kinobot software to verify these movements and their correlations with productivity. Results – Regarding the Systematic Literature Review, it was noted that there are few studies that relate ergonomics and productivity applied to construction sites. It was found that issues such as climate change, the phase of the work with stages in completion presenting a slower work pace, and fatigue can interfere with the development of activities. It was noted that the different periods of the works should be considered, as they become a determining factor for the perception of fatigue. Theoretical/methodological contributions – although there are studies that abo methodological issues, in addition to the application of questionnaires in stages to identify ergonomic factors, their application and interfaces with productivity represent a differential. Social and environmental contributions – From a social perspective, this study is relevant because it contributes to improving working conditions, promoting the physical and psychological well-being of construction workers. In addition, reducing fatigue and increasing efficiency can generate significant economic benefits for both workers and companies in the sector and, in turn, environmental contributions through better management and use of resources to meet the Sustainable Development Goals.
Benefits of Floating Wetlands beyond water pollution control:
Objective – To synthesize and analyze existing knowledge on the implementation of Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) in water bodies, identifying contributions beyond water quality improvement and their potential as an urban landscape strategy to promote Nature's Contributions to People (NCP). Methodology – A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify the main aspects addressed on the topic in scientific publications since 2012, a timeframe that explores the theoretical framework of Nature-based Solutions (NbS), an important reference for the multifunctional perspective of FTWs. Originality/Relevance – Urban water bodies are in increasing decline, not only due to the degradation of water quality but also their invisibility in the population's daily life, a scenario that reveals the profound disconnection between people and nature. Thus, FTWs can be a strategy for the use and appropriation of spaces near water, promoting cultural and ecological values. Results – The implementation of FTWs promotes socio-environmental benefits across all NCP categories (material, non-material, and regulating contributions), confirming their potential for comprehensive integration into urban planning as an NbS, and not merely as a water treatment method. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – A new perspective on the benefits of implementing FTWs in the urban landscape, valuing their multifunctionality, including the suggestion of a nomenclature that reflects such breadth: Floating Ecosystems (FE). Social and Environmental Contributions – Emphasis on the socio-environmental value of FTWs in improving the quality of life, the requalification of urban space, and ecological functions in the promotion of NCP.
Detecting the retention potential of a reservoir influenced by upstream inputs from metropolitan areas
Objective – To evaluate the retention capacity of a hypereutrophic reservoir (Barra Bonita Reservoir – BBR, São Paulo State, Brazil), influenced by tributaries strongly impacted by anthropogenic activities in metropolitan regions. Methodology – Application of a zero-dimensional model using limnological data from 2010 to 2019, considering two upstream monitoring stations (Piracicaba and Tietê rivers) and one downstream station. The following water quality variables were analyzed: ammoniacal nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, thermotolerant coliforms, total chloride, nitrate, nitrite, pH, total phosphorus, total solids, and turbidity. For each variable, retention capacity (alpha parameter) was assessed, resulting in 649 determinations. A Spearman correlation analysis (p-value: 0.05) was performed to explore relationships among reservoir physical characteristics, retention processes, and precipitation. Originality/Relevance – This study applies a zero-dimensional model to assess reservoir retention capacity while explicitly considering temporal variability. Results – Retention time ranged from 16 to 321 days, and the system exhibited a high retention capacity, as indicated by positive alpha coefficients for all analyzed variables. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The findings provide important support for advancing water management strategies and informing public policy formulation aimed at multiple water uses. Social and Environmental Contributions – Despite anthropogenic pressures, the BBR provides an essential ecosystem service by improving downstream water quality through the attenuation of pollutant loads.
Diagnostic Engineering as an Ally for Implementing Accessibility and Achieving the 2030 Agenda SDGs
Objective – This article examines the main stages for assessing accessibility in the built environment, based on a documentary analysis of current legislation and technical standards. It underscores the importance of integrating accessibility considerations during the design, diagnosis, and implementation phases of construction projects. The study identifies specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) directly influenced by effective accessibility implementation and evaluates key 2030 Agenda targets to address gaps in Brazil’s construction industry. Methodology – The research employs a qualitative approach utilizing documentary analysis of regulations, legislation, and standards related to accessibility and diagnostic civil engineering. This integration enables the identification of implementation gaps and the development of technical guidelines for accessibility improvements. Originality/Relevance – The analyzed information fills a theoretical gap by aligning diagnostic engineering practices, such as inspections and reports, with specific SDG targets. Its originality lies in contrasting regulatory and legislative requirements with practical market applications, highlighting the need for qualified interventions to meet the 2030 Agenda’s objective. Results – The fidings provide vast technical guidance to improve professional practices and contributes to the development of public policy and sustainable practices in the construction sector. Theoretical and methodological contributions – The study proposes an interdisciplinary diagnostic framework that integrates technical standards with global sustainability goals. Social and environmental contributions – The research promotes equity, inclusion, and sustainability in the built environment positioning accessibility as both a fundamental right and a key element for achieving the SDGs.
Objective: To analyze socio-spatial segregation in Brazilian cities based on the understanding of structural racism as a constitutive element of the production of urban space, demonstrating how urbanization has historically been organized in a racialized manner—particularly in the post-abolition period—and how this logic persists in contemporary contexts. Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative, deductive approach grounded in a critical theoretical essay. The analysis articulates frameworks from structural racism theory, the coloniality of power, and critical urban studies, in dialogue with documentary analysis of public policies and secondary data from official sources, such as the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), used interpretively to demonstrate patterns of racial inequality in urban space. Originality/Relevance: The article contributes to urban studies by repositioning race as a central analytical category in the interpretation of socio-spatial segregation, confronting the erasure promoted by the ideology of racial mixing (mestiçagem) and by deracialized urban planning approaches. The study advances by demonstrating that the city is not merely a reflection, but an active instrument in the reproduction of racial inequalities, addressing a persistent theoretical gap in Brazilian urban literature. Results: The analysis shows that socio-spatial segregation in Brazil constitutes a historical and institutionalized expression of structural racism, manifested in the unequal distribution of infrastructure, urban services, mobility, and environmental protection. It reveals that urban planning practices, public policies, and real estate valorization dynamics operate in racialized ways, reinforcing the territorial marginalization of Black and peripheral populations. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions: The study strengthens the articulation between critical urban theory, structural racism, and coloniality, contributing to the understanding of segregation as a systemic and adaptive phenomenon. Methodologically, it reaffirms the relevance of the theoretical essay as an analytical tool for unveiling structural mechanisms of exclusion often obscured by technocratic approaches. Social and Environmental Contributions: By making explicit the connections between structural racism, urban segregation, and environmental vulnerability, the article supports debates on territorial justice and anti-racist urban policies. The findings reinforce the need for public policies oriented toward historical reparation, territorial redistribution, and the reduction of socio-environmental inequalities that disproportionately affect Black populations in Brazilian cities.
Copyright (c) 2025 National Journal of City Management https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Objective – Analysis of Urban Density, assessing the capacity to meet housing needs in urbanized areas, without expansion, for the preservation of natural environments. Methodology – Evaluation of various measures of Urban Density, mapping population data (IBGE, 2010) and existing built areas (Data Rio/IPP/2013), over the urbanized area of Rio de Janeiro (IBGE, 2015). Based on this analysis, densification projections were made. Originality/Relevance – Discussions about intensifying the use of urbanized areas, aiming to reduce urban expansion and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), have gained momentum with the urgency of the climate crisis. The relevance of this article lies in the development of a methodology for Density assessment, unfolding into densification projections, which are rarely employed in scientific research. Results – Densification projections resulted in a potential for allocating additional 300,000 housing units, approximately 50% of the total needs and future demands for housing in the city, in an area corresponding to 5% of its territory; demonstrating that urbanized environments can accommodate demographic increases, contributing to the reduction of urban expansion. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The exploration of possible scenarios, resulting from the density projection method, has an important contribution to Urban Planning strategies to combat the causes of climate change. Social and Environmental Contributions – Knowledge about the urban territory, through the analysis of Density and densification projections, can indicate pathways for urban management, with Planning tools that guide the meeting of housing needs in existing spaces, with greater social equality and environmental preservation.
A Review of Enabling Technologies Applied to Real Estate Pricing
Objective – To understand how enabling technologies have been applied to real estate pricing through a systematic literature review, mapping methods, applications, and trends in real estate appraisal engineering. Methodology – A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA protocol. Searches were carried out in relevant databases such as Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science, using a search string with Boolean operators. A total of 55 articles published between 2014 and 2024 were analyzed. Originality/Relevance – This study systematizes scientific articles published over the last ten years on the use of emerging technologies in real estate appraisal, highlighting the contrast between traditional methods and new approaches based on artificial intelligence. Results – Most studies still rely on traditional valuation methods, but there is a growing use of enabling technologies such as machine learning and geoprocessing. China stands out as the country with the largest number of publications. Regarding applications, real estate investment studies predominate (49%), followed by urban planning. The application of artificial intelligence improves accuracy and reduces uncertainty in real estate decision-making. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The findings contribute to the theoretical advancement of real estate appraisal engineering and provide practical insights for developers, construction companies, public agencies, and market agents by pointing out promising methodological and technological trends for property value analysis. Social and Environmental Contributions – From a social perspective, improving accuracy in property valuation strengthens the information base for housing and urban public policies, allowing projects to be better aligned with the real needs of the population. From an environmental standpoint, studies that incorporate ecological variables foster sustainable urban planning, encourage the rational use of land, enhance the value of areas with green infrastructure, and contribute to reducing negative environmental impacts.
Simplified environmental assessment in an urban stream in the Veado stream waterbasin in Presidente Prudente - SP
Objective - To analyze the environmental integrity of the Vale do Sol Stream in a single visit, in the municipality of Presidente Prudente/SP. Methodology - Application of a rapid assessment protocol and the analysis of some limnological parameters. The RAP was applied at three stations along the stream, and the following parameters were evaluated: type of bank occupation; streambed siltation; presence of waste; water odor; presence of substances in the water; water transparency; bottom type; diversity of bottom habitats; substrate types; water surface condition; alterations in the river channel; bank stability; presence of riparian vegetation; extent of the Permanent Preservation Area (PPA); and presence of aquatic plants. For water quality assessment, the parameters of electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, and turbidity were analyzed. Originality/Relevance - The Rapid Assessment Protocol (RAP), despite being a consolidated methodology in the academic and scientific community, has been explored little. Its ease of use, low technological cost, and precision allow for robust environmental analyses. Furthermore, the use of limnological analysis to corroborate the RAP strengthens the relevance and scientific innovation of the work. Results - The environment is anthropized, but the presence of surrounding vegetation contributes to the water meeting conditions in compliance with the limits established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005 for the parameters studied. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions - The study reflects the conditions of the analyzed stream, but it also reflects the vast majority, if not all, of urban water bodies. The analyses performed, being simple, facilitate their use by municipal and water management agencies. Social and Environmental Contributions - The methodology itself allows for an understanding of the important variables for maintaining or restoring the environment adjacent to water bodies, promoting the awareness and consciousness necessary for proactive actions and positive environmental impacts.
Nexus Water-Energy-Food Approach as Decision-Making Support for Climate Resilience
Objective – To analyze water, energy, and food security through the Nexus approach as a decision-making support tool aimed at enhancing climate resilience in the Mogi Guaçu River Basin. Methodology – Deductive research based on qualitative data published on the Brazilian government platform AdaptaBrasil MCTI. The study was conducted in three stages: data collection; analysis of information through georeferenced maps; and the proposal of adaptation measures based on the Nexus approach. Originality/relevance – The study integrates water, food, and energy security within the context of climate change, particularly in river basins. By highlighting mitigation measures with intersectoral impacts, it connects governance and regional planning themes. Results – The water sector was identified as the most threatened during drought periods. The proposed measures emphasize actions to foster climate education, improve water governance, and seek alternatives for agricultural production. Theoretical/methodological contributions – The adoption of the Nexus approach as a tool for integrated analysis and decision-making support. Methodological contribution using data made available on a public consultation platform for territorial diagnosis. Social and environmental contributions – The study proposes measures to strengthen cooperation between the analyzed sectors and to support climate resilience in river basins. It emphasizes the importance of integrated planning for environmental security and quality of life.
Objective – To identify the trends in scientific production regarding climate adaptation policies in urban environments in Latin America, also exploring the existence of plans that involve two or more countries from the same region, transcending borders. Methodology – Systematic Literature Review, with searches in three scientific databases (Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science). After the filtering steps and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 58 articles were analyzed, divided into 04 thematic groups. Originality/Relevance – Given the urgent need for climate adaptation in Latin American cities, the study addresses the gap of multilevel approaches to adaptation policies, which tend to exist only at municipal, state, or national scales, failing to address issues that transcend borders. Results – The results of this systematic review indicated a significant concentration of studies and scientific production focused mainly on diagnosis and planning, with few analyses of already implemented initiatives. Furthermore, a lack of integrated and multilevel approaches to climate adaptation among Latin American countries was noted. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The research found the existence of rare studies and climate adaptation initiatives that transcend local and national borders, which may reflect how policies are created and discussed, pointing to an important research gap to be explored. Social and Environmental Contributions – Among the study's results, it is highlighted that public participation is strategic for the creation of efficient adaptation policies. In this context, it is suggested that investments be made in public education on the topic, enabling more just and effective adaptation measures.
Scientific production on smart cities in Brazil
Objective – This study aims to outline the constitution of the scientific field on "smart cities" in Brazil, Methodology – Bibliometric analysis of 40 dissertations defended between 2013 and 2023. A comprehensive bibliometric mapping was carried out, focusing on variables such as: a) temporal evolution; b) geographical and institutional distribution; c) most covered topics. Originality/Relevance – The study provides a broad and unprecedented perspective on the academic development of the smart cities theme in Brazil. Results – The findings indicate a significant growth in academic production on smart cities during the analysed period, along with thematic concentration in postgraduate programmes in Administration, Electrical Engineering, and Computer Engineering. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The bibliometric analysis applied to the Brazilian context offers an effective tool to map research trends and identify scientific gaps. Social and Environmental Contributions – The study highlights the need for deeper exploration of topics such as public safety, privacy, active social participation, sustainability, and economic impacts, which are crucial for developing more inclusive and resilient smart cities.
Objective – To recognize the potential of the inpainting tool, from generative neural network models for images, as a communication instrument in urban planning. Methodology – Bibliographic research, for a critical and in-depth review of the existing literature, and experimental research, for the empirical verification of hypotheses through testing. In the experimental phase, seven experiments using inpainting were carried out to explore visual solutions that support more sustainable urban planning. Each experiment was designed to address a specific goal of Sustainable Development Goal 11, which seeks to make cities and human settlements more sustainable, through the use of different Brazilian scenarios with challenges to be overcome. Originality/Relevance – The democratization of Generative Neural Network tools for images, such as inpainting, is still at an early stage, and their adoption in professional contexts remains limited. Likewise, studies correlating the use of these networks with urban planning are still scarce, both nationally and internationally. Results – The findings show that the use of this tool may strengthen communication between urban planners and the population, thereby fostering more transparent and participatory urban planning, mitigating ambiguities and losses of meaning during the expression and dissemination of ideas. However, the study also highlights that the role of specialized urban design remains irreplaceable. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The study contributes to the literature by proposing the use of inpainting as a complementary representational tool in the field of urban design, articulating concepts of artificial intelligence and sustainable planning. Methodologically, it demonstrates a replicable experimental model capable of testing urban scenarios based on specific SDG goals, opening opportunities for new hybrid approaches between traditional design practices and emerging digital technologies. Social and Environmental Contributions – The research highlights the potential of inpainting to broaden social participation in urban planning processes, by facilitating the understanding of proposals and stimulating dialogue between experts and the community. Environmentally, the tool contributes to reflections on more sustainable urban solutions, by enabling quick and accessible visual simulations that emphasize the importance of integrating ecological and social aspects into city development.
Damage Mapping as a Diagnostic Tool for Pathological Manifestations in Historical Buildings
Objective – To analyze the application of damage mapping techniques for the identification of pathological manifestations in historical buildings, considering their relevance for the preservation of cultural heritage. Methodology – A Systematic Literature Review was conducted based on the PRISMA protocol, using specific criteria for the selection, evaluation, and synthesis of articles. The selected studies were analyzed through quantitative aspects (year of publication, researchers’ origin, and frequency of keywords) and qualitative aspects (types of analyses, structures studied, and methodologies employed to investigate pathological manifestations), chosen due to their relevance to the research context. Originality/Relevance – The study stands out for gathering and systematizing the main approaches to the use of damage maps in historical constructions, contributing to the understanding of the state of the art and consolidating this technique as a reference tool in cultural heritage conservation. Results – The findings revealed a continuous evolution in research employing damage maps, showing advances in complementary methodologies. It was also identified that this technique has increasingly been integrated with other analytical tools, enhancing its accuracy and reliability. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The study provides a structured synthesis of the application of damage maps, presenting relevant parameters for future research and highlighting gaps to be explored. Furthermore, it suggests methodological ways to improve practice by integrating the technique with more robust analytical methods. Social and Environmental Contributions – By strengthening the preservation of historical heritage, the advances discussed in this work contribute to the appreciation of collective memory and cultural identity. From an environmental perspective, the improvement of conservation practices reduces the need for invasive interventions and material waste, favoring more sustainable restoration strategies.
Challenges of Climate Change Adaptation in Brazilian Municipalities
Objective – To identify the challenges faced by Brazilian municipalities in the implementation of climate adaptation actions. Methodology – Systematic review of 77 articles (2014–2024) from the databases ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science. Originality/relevance – Fills a gap regarding the implementation of municipal climate adaptation policies in Brazil. Results – Among the 77 articles analysed, involving 309 researchers, case studies (39%) and quantitative methods prevail, with a focus on São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, highlighting challenges in integrating urban and climate policies. Theoretical/methodological contributions – Reveals scientific fragmentation and regional concentration of research. Social and environmental contributions – Demonstrates a disconnect between public policies and local demands. Indicates weaknesses in municipal climate governance and the need to overcome regional technical and financial inequalities.
Challenges for sustainable urban mobility in small cities
Objective - This article seeks to identify and understand the barriers to the adoption of active modes of transport in urban travel in a small city with a population of less than 20,000 inhabitants. Methodology - The methodology adopted consists of a bibliographic review and the application of a questionnaire to a sample of the population according to the IBGE Census. Originality/relevance - The article also presents information on the profile of urban travel in a city with a population of less than 20,000 inhabitants (small-sized), which represents the majority of Brazilian municipalities. Most studies on this topic involve cities with a population of over 60,000 inhabitants, medium-sized cities and large centers, therefore, there is a gap in studies of sustainable urban mobility in small cities. Results - The results showed the predominance of automobile use in the municipality and some of the factors that influence this choice of mode of transport are related to flexibility of schedules, speed, easy access, safety (robbery), ease of travel and environmental comfort. Theoretical/methodological contributions – The literature review meets the conceptual needs of topics related to small cities and the adaptation of a specific questionnaire for this context. This review not only grounds the research in relevant theories, but also identifies gaps in existing knowledge, allowing for the development of more robust approaches. Adapting the questionnaire is a crucial step, as it considers the particularities and challenges faced by these cities, ensuring that the questions formulated are relevant and appropriate to the local reality. In this way, the theoretical and methodological contributions are intertwined, providing a solid framework for the analysis and interpretation of data, in addition to enabling a better understanding of the social and economic phenomena that permeate small urban centers. Social and environmental contributions – These data indicate that the local government has not effectively promoted the concept of sustainable urban mobility, thus being at odds with the guidelines of the country's current urban mobility policy. The results of this research can be used by municipal public managers to encourage the use of active modes of transport, especially for short journeys, and contribute to the development of a healthier city.
Government Investiment and Quality Spaces
Objective – This reflection aims to demonstrate, specifically based on the Greater ABC Paulista region—a southeastern subregion of the São Paulo Metropolitan Area—the low quality of public investment in urbanism, which contrasts with the effective existence of resources, pressing needs, and administrative obstacles to improving public actions that prioritize urban spaces. Methodology – The investigation of this topic is based on the perceptible observation of the low quality of public spaces in the Greater ABC Paulista, despite the region presenting excellent economic and social indicators. In this context, the strategy for understanding the issue involved analyzing municipal public investments in urbanism through the budgets of the cities studied, extraconstitutional federal transfers, and wealth production in the region. Originality / Relevance – The Greater ABC Paulista, a subregion of the São Paulo Metropolitan Area (RMSP), historically driven by the industrial expansion of the 20th century, has economic and social indicators that are relatively favorable compared to national averages. However, this wealth is not translated into public spaces of urbanistic and architectural quality. Public investment in urbanism is fragmented, of low quality, and yields limited returns. Results – The region lacks a long-term urban agenda and remains stagnant in models from the 1960s that prioritize individual plots over the city as a whole. The capture of federal resources, in addition to constitutionally mandatory funds, is modest and hindered by a complex bureaucratic system developed by the Government Executive Management (GIGOV) and Caixa Econômica Federal, resulting in significant resources being invested in proposals of low quality and effectiveness. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The Brazilian federal pact, particularly after the 1988 Constitution, continues to concentrate decision-making power over territory-structuring public investments in the central government. This article questions this model, while disagreeing with an exclusive emphasis on local government protagonism, and suggests the need to discuss a new, more fluid model of investment between central power and regional structures. Social and Environmental Contributions – Revising the framework of public investment in urbanism, from its most comprehensive perspective, enables a more qualified discussion on joint actions among different levels of government and effectively brings urbanism to a leading role in the production of cities with more equitable and sustainable territories.
Full-Time Education Program (PEI) and SDG 4.a
Objective – To analyze whether schools in the Full-Time Education Program (PEI) in the state of São Paulo are aligned with goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically target 4.a, which aims to ensure adequate, accessible, gender-sensitive school infrastructure that promotes safe and inclusive environments. Methodology – A qualitative-quantitative approach is adopted, combining documentary analysis of the PEI guidelines and architectural parameters of the Foundation for the Development of Education (FDE) with statistical data from agencies such as SEDUC, INEP, and IBGE. Originality/Relevance – The study is part of the debate on educational infrastructure and sustainable development, addressing the gap between PEI guidelines and practical challenges, especially in laboratories, accessible bathrooms, and inclusive routes, contributing to the discussion on public policies aligned with the 2030 Agenda. Results – The results indicate that, although the PEI promotes advances in educational quality, deficiencies in physical infrastructure persist, compromising full compliance with SDG target 4.a. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The study reinforces the importance of integrating documentary analysis and quantitative data to evaluate educational policies, highlighting the need for greater consistency between planning and execution. Social and Environmental Contributions – It highlights the urgency of investing in school infrastructure to ensure equitable, inclusive, and sustainable education, aligning local public policies with the UN's global goals.
Landscape Planning and Residential Growth in a Water Source Area in Presidente Prudente-SP
Objective – Through the analysis of land use in the Cedro sub-basin, within the Alto Anastácio Basin, Presidente Prudente, SP —an essential water source for the urban supply of Presidente Prudente—and in the Ana Jacinta Housing Complex, this study aims to demonstrate how landscape planning and management can serve as powerful tools for territorial understanding. By providing a comprehensive perspective on these dynamics, the study supports the formulation of more sensitive public policies for areas experiencing peripheral urban growth. Methodology – This article is the result of the following procedures: in-person theoretical classes on landscape planning, using analysis and discussion of bibliographic references, the legal framework of the Master Plan compared with the dynamics of ongoing urban expansion vectors in a water source area, along with cartographic analyses of the study area using QGIS software. This is followed by a field study in the analyzed area, aiming to listen to residents to understand their emotional valuation of the place and the problems they face. Finally, all data is systematized to propose a series of reflections, identifying conflicts and highlighting the urgency of more sensitive practices regarding the studied landscape as a basis for revising the legal planning framework and the need for decentralized managemente. Originality/Relevance – There has been a growing discussion on the urgency of landscape planning and management in urban planning processes and public administration, especially in peripheral areas and those undergoing recent urban expansion. This study seeks, through a shared analysis, to integrate cartographic and fieldwork methods along with residents' perspectives as essential for interpreting the landscape, aiming at its diagnosis and planning. Results – The study fosters a critical discussion on the aspects involved in a landscape regulation and management plan, generating cartographic products and a series of reflections that can support public policies by the agents and institutions responsible for implementing territorial planning. These entities could recognize the potential of an integrated approach to landscape analysis. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The text provides a methodological approach to support the development of future propositions, based on a knowledge-building process shared by researchers from various fields (architects, educators, environmental engineers, and archivists). It aims to demonstrate that the multiplicity of perspectives enriches discussions, proving that initiatives following this approach result in more sensitive outcomes, especially regarding landscape studies. Social and Environmental Contributions - Investigating an area that clearly expresses socio-spatial fragmentation— a process currently unfolding in many Brazilian cities—and proposing a critical stance that considers the physical, environmental, and social aspects of the place is a fundamental exercise for the development of public policies that protect the environment and improve people's quality of life, especially for those living in the most remote areas of urban centers.
Modern architecture in Rio Grande do Sul
Objective – The main objective of this article is to carry out a comparative analysis between the João Paulo II Building (1967), located in the city of Santa Maria and designed by the architect Jayme Mazzucco, and the Faial Building (1962), located in the historic center of Porto Alegre, designed by Emil Bered. Methodology – The analyses carried out used the redesign method and documentary analysis, using as primary sources the available technical drawings of the buildings, in addition to on-site observations and photographic observations. Originality/Relevance – This study addresses the topic of modern architecture in Rio Grande do Sul, a topic little discussed in academia, given that the major works from this period were completed between the Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo regions and isolated in the capital, Brasília. The study proves relevant as a tool for highlighting and understanding an important body of modern architecture present in Rio Grande do Sul, but little known nationally.Results – Briefly outline the main results achieved. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The results obtained from these methods point to several similarities between the works of Bered and Mazzucco, especially in the external design solutions for the main facades, such as, for example, the presence of modulations derived from orthogonal grids in the composition of the vertical planes. Social and Environmental Contributions – The research seeks to understand both works and identify characteristics and design solutions common to both objects of study, revealing, in Emil Bered's work, a possible design precedent that influenced the conception of the João Paulo II Building.
Public Housing Works and the SDGs of the 2030 Agenda
Objective – To identify the adherence of requirements and clauses in public housing works bidding notices in the State of São Paulo to environmental criteria, with an emphasis on national regulations. Methodology – The study adopts a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. To gather the bidding notices, databases from the Official Press of the State of São Paulo and, subsidiarily, the São Paulo State Housing and Urban Development Company (CDHU) were used. The documentary research employed the content analysis method, according to Bardin (2016), using the Atlas.ti software to identify, code, and categorize the Recording Units (UR) and Context Units (UC). Categorization was conducted by levels of requirements, allowing comparisons with other studies on Green Public Procurement (GPP) based on the criteria proposed by the European Commission. Originality/Relevance – The study assists in identifying opportunities to improve the implementation of environmental criteria in public housing works bidding processes, promoting sustainability in civil construction and aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals by contributing to more sustainable and resilient cities. Results – The analysis of the bidding notices revealed low adherence of clauses and requirements to environmental criteria, with a predominance of generic requirements or the absence of specific criteria, focusing mainly on material characterization rather than broader construction processes. Adherence percentages were as follows: 41.51% at requirement level 0 (absence of criteria), 22.22% at level 1 (generic criteria), 36.27% at level 2 (main criteria), and 0% at level 3 (comprehensive criteria). It was observed that Brazilian regulations focus on object characteristics, while European guidelines are broader, emphasizing labels and certifications, also highlighting the need for a global indicator to assess the effectiveness of Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP). Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – Application of Bardin's (2016) content analysis to assess the adherence of public housing works bidding notices to environmental criteria, using the Atlas.ti software for coding and categorization, and comparing them with national regulations and European Union guidelines. Social and Environmental Contributions – The results of the study reinforce the need to include broader national environmental criteria, such as those already practiced in tenders held in European Union countries, considering the life cycle of materials and the requirement for eco-labeling. This study contributes to understanding the implementation of public sustainability policies in the Brazilian construction sector, highlighting the need to improve legislation and bidding practices.
Objective – To analyze the bioclimatic strategies applied in two Modern Architecture works in Porto Alegre, RS: the Cristal Racecourse (1951–1959) and the Esplanada Building (1952–1962), both designed by Uruguayan architect Román Fresnedo Siri. Methodology – The study adopts the tools provided by the ProjetEEE platform and the criteria of the Casa Azul Seal from Caixa, evaluating aspects such as site planning, natural ventilation and lighting, functionality, and materiality. Originality/Relevance – The research addresses a theoretical gap in the field of South American modern architecture by investigating how bioclimatic principles were integrated into prominent 1950s designs. Results – The findings show that both projects present functional and technological solutions that were innovative for their time, reflecting a conscious response to climate and urban context. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – The study emphasizes the relevance of bioclimatic analysis tools in researching modern architectural heritage, bridging historical design practices with contemporary sustainability criteria. Social and Environmental Contributions – The analyses highlight the early incorporation of sustainable and context-sensitive strategies, contributing to the current discourse on energy efficiency and environmental comfort.
Nature-based solutions in peri-urban areas as climate action measures
Objective – To present an account of the NBS found in the Parelheiros district, a peri-urban area of ​​the city of São Paulo, describing their potential as strategies for mitigating and adapting to climate change. Methodology – Using a qualitative approach, this research was based on a case study of a peri-urban area as the research strategy. Indirect observation was used, through interviews, bibliographical and documentary research. Content analysis and text analysis supported the assessment and validation of the findings. Originality/relevance – This research sheds light on climate change from a perspective of benefit, hope and promise of opportunities, viewing peri-urban areas as a scenario for transformation at the community scale that expands to the territorial scale and establishes itself at the city scale. Results – The findings showed that NBS stand out for their ability to provide multiple benefits in all spheres of sustainability and in the face of the challenges of climate change. Theoretical/methodological contributions – Territories such as the Parelheiros region, which embrace and strengthen transformation initiatives, can be a reference for other similar areas of the municipality and other cities. Social and environmental contributions – The advantages of these actions can reach all scales of the city, expanding to the state, national and even global levels, promoting the construction of resilience in the face of current and future threats arising from climate change.
Mapping stakeholders for brownfield revitalization with Nature-Based Solutions
Objective – The aim of this study is to identify the relevant stakeholders in a project involving Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) for the revitalization of the Brasital brownfield in São Roque-SP. Methodology – To characterize the stakeholders, an adaptation of a study on the scope of brownfields in England was employed, tailored to the specific context of São Roque-SP and Brasital, with the purpose of informing national public policy formulation. Originality/Relevance – The revitalization of Brasital represents a unique opportunity to integrate sustainable practices into urban planning. The success of the project hinges on finding solutions that balance the interests of diverse stakeholders, whose expectations may vary. A clear definition of these stakeholders is essential, as the ecosystem services provided may not adequately fulfill the interests of all involved parties. Results – The findings reveal a diverse set of stakeholders, including public authorities, regulatory agencies, civil society, NGOs, local industries, businesses, professionals, among others. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – This study contributes to the adoption of an integrated approach in projects that combine NbS with tailored solutions to address the specific needs and expectations of stakeholders. Social and Environmental Contributions – Enhancing stakeholder engagement through the identification of groups representing society and the environment, ensuring their involvement in the planning of interventions. This approach fosters greater project alignment with their expectations and supports long-term project success.
Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo Gallardo
Objective - To conduct a systematic literature review on the environmental implications and public health risks arising from the proliferation of cyanobacteria, which has become increasingly common in urban water sources, and to discuss the toxin production potential present in some species, which can compromise the multiple uses of water, especially for human supply. It also addresses the frequent causes of their proliferation in water bodies and prevention methods as a control strategy given the Brazilian reality. Methodology - A narrative literature review in high-impact databases using individual and combined keywords in databases such as ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and others. Originality/Relevance - Updating the state of the art to generate new points of focus for future research. Results - A detailed analysis was conducted on the risks that cyanobacteria pose to human and animal health, with a description of various symptoms associated with exposure. Regardless of the presence of preventive actions, the need to establish and maintain continuous water quality monitoring programs is highlighted. When the presence of cyanobacteria is detected, the implementation of corrective measures using effective technologies for the control and removal of these organisms is recommended. The presence of cyanobacteria when detected, it is recommended to implement corrective measures using effective technologies for control and removal of these organisms. Furthermore, it is concluded that managing excessive nutrient input—from domestic sewage and surface runoff from irrigation water, as well as from other sources that contribute nutrients to water bodies—can be an efficient and low-cost strategy. Finally, the importance of deepening the study of cyanobacteria, covering all these aspects, is emphasized to develop effective measures for controlling and preventing their proliferation. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions - The literature review contributes to the understanding of the current state of research on the subject and allows for envisioning potential paths for new studies and discoveries in the field. Social and Environmental Contributions - It allowed for an understanding of the real and potential risks of the presence of cyanobacteria in urban water sources and the search for remedial and proactive solutions.