Biodiversidade em Risco no Nordeste Brasileiro
Análise da Cobertura de Unidades de Conservação Federais e Lacunas na Proteção de Espécies Vegetais Ameaçadas
Keywords:
Unidades de Conservação federais, Flora ameaçada, Nordeste brasileiroAbstract
Objetivo - avaliar, de forma comparável entre os estados do Nordeste, a representatividade das Unidades de Conservação federais sobre a distribuição espacial de espécies vegetais ameaçadas, identificando lacunas de proteção e assimetrias risco-proteção.
Metodologia - estudo quantitativo, descritivo-comparativo e documental geoespacial, com uso de operações de SIG, análise de sobreposição entre distribuição das espécies e polígonos de UCs, além de métricas por espécie, por território e por categoria de ameaça.
Originalidade/relevância - o trabalho enfrenta a lacuna de avaliações integradas e comparáveis entre os nove estados do Nordeste, focalizando a flora ameaçada como unidade analítica e articulando cobertura territorial, fragmentação e pressão antrópica.
Resultados - o Nordeste reuniu quase um terço das espécies vegetais ameaçadas do país em 2020, com forte concentração na Bahia. A rede federal de UCs mostrou distribuição tipologicamente desigual e insuficiente para representar a flora ameaçada de maneira homogênea entre os estados.
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas - o estudo operacionaliza a representatividade da rede federal de UCs por meio de métricas replicáveis de cobertura e lacunas, reforçando a distinção entre cobertura nominal e proteção efetiva.
Contribuições sociais e ambientais - os achados subsidiam decisões sobre criação, expansão, recategorização e fortalecimento da gestão de UCs, com foco em conectividade, fiscalização, restauração e alocação mais eficiente de recursos em áreas críticas.
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