Análise Exploratória das Implicações do Mecanismo de Ajuste de Carbono na Fronteira da União Europeia (CBAM) nas Indústrias Brasileiras

Desafios e Oportunidades no Comércio Internacional

Abstract

Objective - To analyze the political, economic and socio-environmental implications for Brazilian industries in light of the creation of CBAM by the European Union.

Methodology - The research used a qualitative research methodological approach, with an exploratory objective, aimed at deepening the theoretical impact of CBAM on Brazilian exports. The analysis was based on a bibliographic review, which provided a solid basis for understanding the context and requirements of the European Union, in addition to identifying the implications for Brazil in the international trade scenario. Thus, a descriptive analysis was carried out, with a qualitative approach, with the purpose of describing and understanding the phenomenon as it is.

Originality/Relevance - Although central to the future of the global economy and sustainable development, the topic addressed is still in its infancy in Brazil. The study of the country's adaptation to CBAM offers a contribution, specifically, with regard to the analysis of public policies, the impact of environmental regulations on business practices and the competitive advantages associated with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

Results - The CBAM imposes environmental and commercial compliance requirements, directly impacting industrial sectors with high carbon emissions, such as steel, cement, aluminum, fertilizers, electricity and chemicals. In this context, Brazilian companies face regulatory and economic challenges, including the need to comply with European standards and the costs of adaptation. However, the mechanism also opens up opportunities, encouraging investments in cleaner technologies, diversification of the energy matrix and the adoption of sustainable practices. The CBAM represents a regulatory framework with significant impacts for Brazil, requiring a strategic response from the productive sector and the government to ensure competitiveness in the European market.

Theoretical/Methodological Contributions - The research contributes theoretically by deepening the understanding of the political, economic and socio-environmental implications of CBAM on Brazilian exports, offering a basis for future investigations on public policies and environmental regulations in international trade. Methodologically, it reinforces the relevance of the exploratory qualitative approach and the literature review to analyze emerging and complex themes.

Social and Environmental Contributions - The findings highlight the need for Brazilian industries to adapt to new international environmental requirements, encouraging sustainable practices and investments in clean technologies, which can result in benefits such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions and strengthening competitiveness in the global market.