Water resource management, the environment, and challenges in the municipal territory

analysis of the municipality of Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo

Abstract

Objective - The objective of this research was to analyze water resource management, its challenges, and its relationship with the environment in the municipality of Presidente Epitácio, state of São Paulo, with the aim of contributing to environmental planning.

Methodology - The methodology adopted consisted of a bibliographic survey and literature review, mapping, secondary data collection, fieldwork, and photographic records.

Originality/relevance - Concern about water availability has grown, even in areas previously considered safe. This highlights the importance of studies on water resource management and environmental planning of river basins, which are fundamental for their conservation and essential for ecological processes and biodiversity preservation. Studies of this nature are incipient in the municipal territory, although the municipality is legally equipped with administrative autonomy.

Results - The results revealed that the municipality's watercourses are significantly silted up and lack Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) in accordance with current legislation, in addition to not having adequate vegetation. This situation compromises rainwater infiltration and aquifer recharge, causing flooding in the urban area. In addition, it was observed that the use of water resources is predominantly driven by economic activities, and there is a lack of clarity and empowerment in municipal action regarding water management.

Theoretical/methodological contributions - The study highlights the need to discuss and adopt environmental management strategies, focusing on water resources at the municipal level.

Social and environmental contributions – The research results emphasize that the municipality plays an essential role in water resource management and can no longer delegate this responsibility solely to the state and federal governments.