Methodologies for reconstruction of the binder aggregate ratio of historical mortars

a systematic literature review

Abstract

Objective –To conduct a global scope review regarding the methods used to characterize the structural composition of mortars in historical buildings, as well as the types of analysis necessary for this purpose.

Methodology – This work followed the methodology of a systematic review. The Scopus, Science Direct, and Engineering Village databases were selected to cover publications from both specific and general areas.

Originality/Relevance – The survey of research proposed by this work aims to bring clarity to the most effective methods for obtaining the composition of old mortars, contributing to the restoration of historical buildings with greater certainty regarding the compatibility of mortars.

Results – The results point to acid attack, XRD, and TGA methods as the most used because they clearly present the material's composition. Another important result is the identification of the most common compositions of historical mortars, being 1:3, 1:1.5, and 1:2.

Theoretical/Methodological Contributions – By indicating the most efficient methods for characterizing ancient mortars, the results of this research can bring security regarding the elaboration of parameters used in the restoration of historical heritage.

Social and Environmental Contributions –The restoration of ancient buildings requires meticulous care due to possible incompatibility between materials, and therefore the search for the best method to characterize mortars can be costly and time-consuming. The results of this research can impact this search by saving resources and time, given its global scope and extensive time frame.