Spatialization through a rainfall and evapotranspiration data mesh in the Pirapó River sub-basin using remote sensing

Abstract

This work aims to use remote sensing data from the IMERG and GLDAS products based on an average monthly grid of precipitation and evapotranspiration to generate a spatial analysis of the precipitation and evapotranspiration variables in the Pirapó River sub-basin, focusing on the water intake station in Maringá, Paraná, aiming to improve the monitoring and management of water resources. A quantitative approach was applied using a 07x09 cell mesh (100 km² per cell) to map environmental variables from 2000 to 2020. Precipitation was analyzed using Thiessen polygons with data from five rain gauge stations, and evapotranspiration was obtained through energy balance and temperature data from a climatological station. Statistical methods of accuracy and similarity were used to validate the results. The study presents an important application of remote sensing to monitor hydrometeorological variables at a spatial scale in the Pirapó River basin, offering an alternative to point data obtained from ground stations. The generated mesh showed great correlation and good similarity between the precipitation and evapotranspiration data, with low errors and uncertainties, confirming the accuracy of the spatialized data. The adjusted mesh can be used for correlation with other hydrometeorological parameters, as well as for spatial analysis of the variables involved in the management of water resources and the hydrological cycle. The proposed methodology can enhance water resource management by providing more detailed data for environmental impact predictions and sustainable management of natural and anthropogenic environments.